Incentive status checked . What changed for 2026

Home energy calculators

18 free calculators for US homeowners: heat pump savings, electric bill, AC BTU, insulation, water heater cost, LIHEAP income and more. Each one shows its formula and assumptions, works on any phone, and keeps your numbers in your browser.

Quick helpers

Are home energy rebates live in my state?

Rules changed under DOE Program Notice 26-2 (May 29, 2026). Confirm amounts and eligibility on the official page.

Key incentive dates

  1. Passed One Big Beautiful Bill Act (P.L. 119-21) signed, ending several home energy tax credits early.

  2. Passed Last day for 25C property to be placed in service and for 25D installations to be completed.

  3. Passed 2026 HHS poverty guidelines take effect (used by LIHEAP and weatherization).

  4. Passed Filing deadline for 2025 returns: claim 2025 upgrades on Form 5695.

  5. Passed DOE Program Notice 26-2 takes effect: new Home Energy Rebate rules, no fuel-switching rebates.

  6. Passed 45L builder credit ends for new homes acquired after this date.

  7. Passed Extended deadline for 2025 federal returns.

Before you hire a contractor

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Energy jargon decoder

22 terms

  • AFUE

    Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency: the share of a furnace's or boiler's fuel that becomes heat over a year. A 95% AFUE furnace turns 95 cents of every fuel dollar into heat.

  • Air sealing

    Closing gaps and cracks that let outside air leak in and conditioned air leak out, usually with caulk, foam and weatherstripping. Usually done before adding insulation.

  • AMI

    Area Median Income: the middle household income for your area. Many rebate programs set income limits as a percentage of AMI, such as 80% or 150%.

  • Blower door test

    A test where a fan in a doorway depressurizes the house so an auditor can measure and find air leaks.

  • BTU

    British thermal unit: the heat needed to warm one pound of water by 1°F. Heating and cooling equipment is sized in BTU per hour.

  • COP

    Coefficient of performance: units of heat delivered per unit of electricity used. A COP of 3 means three times as much heat as electric resistance.

  • Degree days (HDD)

    Heating degree days add up how far each day's average temperature falls below 65°F. More degree days means more heating needed.

  • Energy burden

    The share of household income spent on home energy bills. Above about 6% is commonly called high.

  • Heat pump

    An electric system that moves heat instead of making it: out of the house in summer and into the house in winter.

  • HEEHR / HEAR

    High-Efficiency Electric Home Rebate program, a state-run federal rebate capped at $14,000 per household for low- and moderate-income homes. Only live in some states.

  • HOMES

    Home Owner Managing Energy Savings rebates: state-run, whole-home rebates paid for measured or modeled energy savings, up to $8,000 federally.

  • HSPF2

    Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (2023 test): a heat pump's heating efficiency in BTU per watt-hour. ENERGY STAR split systems need 7.8 or more.

  • kWh

    Kilowatt-hour: the unit on your electric bill. A 1,000-watt appliance running for one hour uses 1 kWh.

  • LIHEAP

    Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program: federal money, run by states and local agencies, that helps eligible households pay heating and cooling bills.

  • Manual J

    The industry standard load calculation for sizing heating and cooling equipment room by room. Ask contractors whether they did one.

  • R-value

    How well insulation resists heat flow. Higher is better. Attics in most of the US should reach R-49 to R-60.

  • SEER2

    Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (2023 test): cooling efficiency of an air conditioner or heat pump. Higher means less electricity for the same cooling.

  • SHGC

    Solar Heat Gain Coefficient: how much of the sun's heat a window lets in, from 0 to 1. Lower is better in hot climates.

  • Therm

    A unit of natural gas energy equal to 100,000 BTU. Many gas bills charge per therm.

  • U-factor

    How fast a window or door loses heat. Lower is better. Find it on the NFRC label.

  • UEF

    Uniform Energy Factor: a water heater's efficiency rating. Gas tanks are around 0.6–0.7; heat pump water heaters are often 3 or higher.

  • Weatherization (WAP)

    The federal Weatherization Assistance Program provides free energy upgrades for income-eligible households, generally up to 200% of the poverty guidelines.